Cyan

Cyan
— Spectral coordinates —
Wavelength		490–520 nm
Frequency		610–575 THz
— Common connotations —
water[1][2][3]
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#00FFFF
sRGBB	(r, g, b)	(0, 255, 255)
Source		CSS Color Module Level 3
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Cyan ( /ˈsaɪ.ən/^[4] or /ˈsaɪ.æn/;^[5] from Greek: κύανoς, transliterated: kýanos, meaning "dark blue substance")^[6] may be used as the name of any of a number of colors in the blue/green range of the spectrum. In reference to the visible spectrum cyan is used to refer to the color obtained by mixing equal amounts of green and blue light or the removal of red from white light. As such, cyan is the complement of red in RGB and CMYK color models: cyan pigments absorb red light.

Cyan is also called aqua or blue-green, and was formerly known as "cyan blue".^[7]

The first recorded use of cyan blue (as noted above, "cyan blue" was the name used for the color "cyan" in the 19th century) as a color name in English was in 1879.^[8]

Some tones of color close to cyan in the cyan color range are teal, turquoise, electric blue and aquamarine.

Contents 1 Electric cyan vs. process cyan 1.1 Electric cyan (web color aqua) 1.2 Process cyan (pigment cyan) (printer's cyan) 2 Variations of cyan 2.1 Light cyan 2.2 Celeste 2.3 Light sea green 2.4 Dark cyan 2.5 Teal 3 In nature 3.1 Molecules 3.2 Bacteria 4 In human culture 4.1 Architecture 4.2 Astronomy 4.3 Computers 4.4 Energy 4.5 Medicine 4.6 Music 4.7 Photography 4.8 Video games 5 See also 6 References

Electric cyan vs. process cyan

Electric cyan (web color aqua)

Cyan (additive secondary)
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#00FFFF
RGBB	(r, g, b)	(0, 255, 255)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(180°, 100%, 100%)
Source		X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

The vivid cyan that is seen on an electronic display device (shown at right) is also referred to as electric cyan to distinguish it from the less vivid turquoise blue-like process cyan used in CMYK color printing (shown below). (Note: while the color is defined by definite RGB values, the display of the color will vary depending on the absolute color space used and the nature of the physical display device, e.g. computer monitor, and if this page is printed it is likely that the color shown will be far from representative.)

The web color aqua is an alias for electric cyan, that is, it is exactly the same color shown here as electric cyan.

To reproduce electric cyan in inks, it is necessary to add some white ink to the printer's cyan below, so when it is reproduced in printing, it is not a primary subtractive color. It is called aqua (a name in use since 1598) because it is a color commonly associated with water, such as the appearance of the water at a tropical beach.^[9]

Process cyan (pigment cyan) (printer's cyan)

Cyan (subtractive primary)
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#00B7EB
RGBB	(r, g, b)	(0, 183, 235)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(193°, 100%, 92[10]%)
Source		CMYK[11]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

Cyan is also one of the common inks used in four-color printing, along with magenta, yellow, and black; this set of colors is referred to as CMYK as in spectrum(s).

While both the additive secondary and the subtractive primary are called cyan, they can be substantially different from one another. Cyan printing ink can be more saturated or less saturated than the RGB secondary cyan, depending on what RGB color space and ink are considered.

Process cyan is not an RGB color, and there is no fixed conversion from CMYK primaries to RGB. Different formulations are used for printer's ink, so there can be variations in the printed color that is pure cyan ink. A typical formulation of process cyan is shown in the color box at right.

Variations of cyan

Light cyan

Light Cyan
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#E0FFFF
RGBB	(r, g, b)	(224, 255, 255)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(180°, 97%, 97%)
Source		X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

At right is displayed the web color light cyan.

Celeste

Celeste
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#B2FFFF
RGBB	(r, g, b)	(178, 255, 255)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(180°, 30%, 100%)
Source		S.Fantetti e C.Petracchi (2001). Il dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia. Zanichelli . ISBN 8808079953.
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

At right is displayed the web color Celeste (Bianchi Green).

Light sea green

Light sea green
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#20B2AA
RGBB	(r, g, b)	(32, 178, 170)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(175°, 40%, 75%)
Source		X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

At right is displayed the web color light sea green.

Dark cyan

Dark cyan
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#008B8B
RGBB	(r, g, b)	(0, 139, 139)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(180°, 24%, 100%)
Source		X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

At right is displayed the web color dark cyan.

Teal

Teal
— Color coordinates —
Hex triplet		#008080
sRGBB	(r, g, b)	(0, 128, 128)
HSV	(h, s, v)	(180°, 100%, 50[12]%)
Source		HTML/CSS[13]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)

At right is displayed the web color teal.

In nature

Molecules

• Pure water is nearly colorless. However, it does absorb slightly more red light than blue, giving large volumes of water a bluish tint; increased scattering of blue light due to fine particles in the water shifts the blue color toward green, for a typically cyan net color.^[14]
• Cyanide derives its name from Prussian blue, a blue pigment containing the cyanide ion.

Bacteria

• Cyanobacteria (sometimes called blue-green algae) are an important link in the food chain.

In human culture

Architecture

• Cyan colored tiles are often used to pave swimming pools to make the water within them seem more intensely colored, and therefore more inviting.

Astronomy

• The planet Uranus is colored cyan because of the abundance of methane in its atmosphere.

Computers

• CyanogenMod alternative firmware for the operating system Android.

Energy

• Natural gas (methane), used by many for home cooking on gas stoves, has a cyan colored flame when burned.

Medicine

• Cyanosis is an abnormal blueness of the skin, usually a sign of poor oxygen intake. i.e. the patient is "cyanotic".

Music

• Cyan, was a British progressive rock band from the 1980s and 1990s.

Photography

• Cyanotype, or blueprint, a monochrome photographic printing process that predates the use of the word cyan as a color, yields a deep cyan-blue colored print based on the Prussian blue pigment.^[15]

Video games

• Cyan Garamonde is a named character in Final Fantasy VI.
• Cyan Worlds released the video game Myst for the Macintosh computer in 1993.
• Cyan Wisp is an alien-like creature from Sonic Colors. It also holds the attack of a move called Cyan Laser.

See also

• List of colors
• Distinguishing blue from green in language
• Orange, formerly called "yellow-red" (compare with blue-green)

References

1. ^ "Results for "cyan"". Dictionary.com. Lexico Publishing Corp.. 2007. http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/cyan. Retrieved 2007-11-22. 
2. ^ Oxford English Dictionary
3. ^ Khalifa, Rashad (trans). "Sura 76, The Human (Al-Insaan)". Quran The Final Testament. http://www.masjidtucson.org/quran/noframes/ch76.html#21. Retrieved 2007-11-30. 
4. ^ "cyan". Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. 2nd ed. 1989.
5. ^ Cyan definition on dictionary.com
6. ^ κύανος, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
7. ^ J. Arthur H. Hatt (1908). The Colorist: Designed to Correct the Commonly Held Theory that Red, Yellow, and Blue are the Primary Colors and to Supply the Much Needed Easy Method of Determining Color Harmony. D. Van Nostrand Company. http://books.google.com/books?id=qFa_qP780RQC&pg=PA22&dq=%22cyan+blue%22+%22three+color+printing%22&lr=&as_brr=1&ei=pxItSKTOGaectAPy3OnvAg. 
8. ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill page 194
9. ^ Maerz and Paul The Dictionary of Color 1930 (see under Aqua in Index, page 189)
10. ^ Using HSL color space#Conversion from RGB to HSL or HSV, v=247/255
11. ^ Tintbooks - Get Accurate CMYK Color Results For Your Printing Projects CMYK color tintbook:
12. ^ Web.forret.com, Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #008080 (Teal):
13. ^ W3.org, W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
14. ^ Craig F. Bohren (2001). Clouds in a Glass of Beer: Simple Experiments in Atmospheric Physics. Courier Dover Publications. ISBN 0486417387. http://books.google.com/books?id=CZuNCZqtZZUC&pg=PA156&dq=absorption+scattering+water+blue+red&lr=&as_brr=3&ei=a684ScHhGI3WlQTM-_W7Bg. 
15. ^ Mike Ware (1999). Cyanotype: the history, science and art of photographic printing in Prussian blue. NMSI Trading Ltd. ISBN 1900747073. http://books.google.com/books?id=C-7I69gFIbMC&pg=PA21&ots=alsMw9t0Kr&dq=cyanotype+prussian-blue+color&sig=s12O6C39teka_vg41EDxbflKMI4#PPA40,M1. 

Shades of cyan
Alice blue	Aqua	Aquamarine	Celeste	Cerulean	Cyan	Electric blue	Jungle green	Magic mint	Mint
Persian green	Pine green	Robin egg blue	Sea green	Skobeloff	Tiffany Blue	Teal	Turquoise
The samples shown above are only indicative.

Shades of blue
Air Force blue	Alice blue	Azure	Baby blue	Bleu de France	Blue	Bondi blue	Brandeis blue	Cambridge Blue	Carolina blue
Celeste	Cerulean	Cobalt blue	Columbia blue	Cornflower blue	Cyan	Dark blue	Deep sky blue	Dodger blue	Duke blue
Egyptian blue	Electric blue	Eton blue	Federal blue	Glaucous	Electric indigo	International Klein Blue	Iris	Light blue	Majorelle Blue
Maya blue	Midnight blue	Navy blue	Non-photo blue	Palatinate blue	Periwinkle	Persian blue	Phthalo blue	Powder blue	Prussian blue
Royal blue	Sapphire	Sky blue	Steel blue	Teal	Tiffany Blue	True Blue	Tufts Blue	Turquoise	UCLA Blue
Ultramarine	Yale Blue
The samples shown above are only indicative.

Shades of green
Apple green	Asparagus	Bright green	Chartreuse	Dark olive green	Dark spring green	Dartmouth green	Electric green	Fern green	Forest green
Green	Green-yellow	Harlequin	Honeydew	Hunter green	India green	Islamic green	Jungle green	Lawn green	Lime
Lime green	Mantis	Mint	Mint cream	Office green	Olive	Olive drab	Pakistan green	Paris Green	Persian green
Phthalo green	Pigment green	Pine green	Pistachio	Sea green	Shamrock green	Spring bud	Spring green	Teal	Yellow-green
The samples shown above are only indicative.

Web colors
black	gray	silver	white	maroon	red	purple	fuchsia	green	lime	olive	yellow	navy	blue	teal	aqua

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